{"id":5634,"date":"2019-10-03T13:43:20","date_gmt":"2019-10-03T17:43:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/septdays.com\/?p=5634"},"modified":"2019-10-03T13:46:24","modified_gmt":"2019-10-03T17:46:24","slug":"%e8%81%94%e9%82%a6%e6%96%b0%e6%b0%91%e4%b8%bb%e5%85%9a%e5%a4%a7%e8%b5%b7%e5%ba%95%ef%bc%9a-%e5%a4%b9%e7%bc%9d%e7%94%9f%e5%ad%98-%e4%b8%ba%e6%b0%91%e4%ba%89%e7%a6%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/septdays.com\/?p=5634","title":{"rendered":"\u8054\u90a6\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5927\u8d77\u5e95\uff1a \u5939\u7f1d\u751f\u5b58 \u4e3a\u6c11\u4e89\u798f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u672c\u6587\u9996\u53d1\u4e8e2019\u5e7410\u67083\u65e5\u7b2c666\u671f\u300a\u4e03\u5929\u300b\u5468\u62a5<\/b><\/p>\n

\u4e03\u5929\u8bb0\u8005 \u989c\u5b8f<\/p>\n

\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u575b\u4e0a\u9664\u4e86\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u548c\u4fdd\u5b88\u515a\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5927\u653f\u515a\u5c31\u662f\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\uff08Nouveau Parti d\u00e9mocratique\uff0c\u7f29\u5199\u4e3aNPD\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u653f\u515a\u81ea1961\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u4ee5\u6765\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u6267\u653f\u8fc7\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u6216\u8005\u4fdd\u5b88\u515a\u7ec4\u6210\u5c11\u6570\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u66fe\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u6700\u597d\u7684\u6210\u7ee9\u662f2011\u5e74\u7684\u5927\u9009\uff0c\u8eab\u60a3\u764c\u75c7\u7684\u515a\u9886\u6797\u987f\uff08Jack Layton\uff09\u5e26\u9886\u515a\u5458\u6380\u8d77\u4e00\u80a1\u201c\u6a59\u8272\u6d6a\u6f6e\u201d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e3e\u8d62\u5f97103\u4e2a\u8bae\u5e2d\uff0c\u9b41\u7701\u8d21\u732e\u4e8659\u4e2a\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u6210\u4e3a\u5b98\u65b9\u53cd\u5bf9\u515a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

NPD\u662f1961\u5e74\u7531\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\uff08Parti social d\u00e9mocratique\uff0c\u524d\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u8457\u540d\u7684FCC\/ F\u00e9d\u00e9ration du Commonwealth Coop\u00e9ratif\uff09\u548c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u52b3\u5de5\u5927\u4f1a\uff08Congr\u00e8s du travail du Canada\uff09\u5408\u5e76\u800c\u6210\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e1932\u5e74\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u897f\u90e8\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3001\u519c\u573a\u4e3b\u4ee5\u53ca\u52b3\u5de5\u5de5\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u7b49\u5de6\u7ffc\u4eba\u58eb\u6784\u6210\u3002\u800c\u52b3\u5de5\u5927\u4f1a\u5219\u662f\u57281956\u5e744\u6708\u521b\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u62e5\u67093\u767e\u4e07\u5de5\u4f1a\u4f1a\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u56fd\u9645\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u628a\u73b0\u4ee3\u6c11\u4e3b\u5baa\u653f\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u65e2\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u56fd\u9645\u601d\u6f6e\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6269\u6563\uff0c\u4e5f\u987a\u5e94\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u540e\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5f00\u59cb\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u7ed9\u793e\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u5de8\u5927\u53d8\u9769\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efb\u515a\u9886\u5c31\u662f\u66fe\u62c5\u4efb\u8428\u7701\u7701\u957f\u3001\u9886\u5bfc\u4e86\u5317\u7f8e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u4e3e\u4e0a\u53f0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u515a\u7684\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af(Tommy Douglas)\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u6d78\u793c\u4f1a\u7267\u5e08\u517c\u5de5\u4eba\u8fd0\u52a8\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bb6\u57282004\u5e74\u88ab\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5e7f\u64ad\u516c\u53f8\u8bc4\u9009\u4e3a\u6709\u53f2\u4ee5\u6765\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u662f\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5168\u6c11\u533b\u7597\u5065\u4fdd\u4e4b\u7236\u3002\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af\u572815\u5c81\u90a3\u5e74\u76ee\u7779\u4e86\u8b66\u5bdf\u5f00\u67aa\u9547\u538b\u5728\u6e29\u5c3c\u4f2f\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u5927\u7f62\u5de5\uff0c\u4ece\u6b64\u7acb\u5fd7\u4e3a\u52b3\u5de5\u9636\u5c42\u7684\u6743\u76ca\u594b\u6597\u3002<\/p>\n

\"Image<\/p>\n

Tommy Douglas<\/p>\n

\u521d\u671f\u7684\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u653f\u7eb2\u4e5f\u4e3b\u8981\u6cbf\u7528\u4e86\u539f\u6765FCC\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5373\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4e1a\u56fd\u6709\u5316\uff0c\u519c\u4e1a\u5408\u4f5c\u5316\uff0c\u798f\u5229\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u3002\u5728\u5176\u8457\u540d\u7684\u300a\u91cc\u8d3e\u7eb3\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff08Regina Manifesto\uff09\u91cc\u53f7\u53ec\u5efa\u7acb\u201c\u65b0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u201d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5173\u7cfb\u5230\u56fd\u8ba1\u6c11\u751f\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u6bd4\u5982\u94f6\u884c\u3001\u77ff\u5c71\u548c\u516c\u5171\u8bbe\u65bd\u8981\u7eb3\u4e3a\u56fd\u6709\uff0c\u7531\u56fd\u5bb6\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u7ecf\u8425\uff1b\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6700\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\uff1b\u7ed9\u6240\u6709\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b\u514d\u8d39\u533b\u7597\u3001\u513f\u7ae5\u8865\u8d34\u548c\u5931\u4e1a\u4fdd\u9669\u91d1\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

FCC\u4ece\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f9d\u9760\u519c\u4e1a\u9636\u5c42\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8054\u5408\u7684\u653f\u515a\u3002\u8fd9\u8ba9\u9009\u6c11\u5728\u4e00\u76f4\u628a\u6301\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u575b\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u548c\u4fdd\u5b88\u515a\u4e4b\u5916\u6709\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u6cbb\u56fd\u601d\u8def\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f88\u5feb\u4e0d\u4ec5\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5176\u53d1\u6e90\u5730\u2014\u2014\u963f\u7701\u3001\u8428\u7701\u519c\u6c11\u548c\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u6709\u4e86\u62e5\u8db8\u8005\u30021935\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u53c2\u4e0e\u8054\u90a6\u5927\u9009\u5c31\u83b7\u5f97\u4e867\u4e2a\u56fd\u4f1a\u8bae\u5e2d\uff0c\u5176\u90e8\u5206\u7406\u5ff5\u4e5f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u6267\u653f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982William Lyon Mackenzie King\u5c31\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u540e\u8fc5\u901f\u63a8\u884c\u4e86\u9000\u4f11\u91d1\u5236\u5ea6\u30021943\u5e74\uff0c\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af\u8d62\u5f97\u8428\u7701\u7684\u7701\u9009\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5317\u7f8e\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5177\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u7701\u957f\uff0c\u4e0a\u4efb\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u63a8\u884c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6cbb\u7406\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6539\u9020\uff0c\u4ec5\u5728\u4e3b\u653f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5e74\u5c31\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0a\u767e\u6761\u6cd5\u4ee4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u628a\u533b\u7597\u3001\u7259\u533b\u7eb3\u5165\u8001\u5e74\u9000\u4f11\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u6559\u5e08\u85aa\u916c\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u6559\u80b2\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u764c\u75c7\u3001\u80ba\u75c5\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u4ee5\u53ca\u6027\u75c5\u7684\u514d\u8d39\u533b\u7597\uff0c\u5174\u5efa\u5b66\u6821\u7b49\u3002\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af\u6267\u653f2\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u8428\u7701\u7684\u503a\u52a1\u51cf\u5c11\u4e862000\u4e07\u5143\u3002\u6267\u653f4\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u7701\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u65bd\u884c\u5168\u6c11\u533b\u9662\u514d\u8d39\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u901a\u7535\u3001\u6c61\u6c34\u96c6\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u66f4\u628a\u503a\u52a1\u8d64\u5b57\u964d\u5230\u96f6\u3002<\/p>\n

1945\u5e74\uff0cFCC\u5728\u8054\u90a6\u5927\u9009\u4e2d\u518d\u6b21\u83b7\u5f97\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u8d62\u5f97\u4e8628\u4e2a\u8bae\u5e2d\u3002\u53ef\u60dc\u597d\u666f\u4e0d\u957f\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4e1c\u897f\u65b9\u51b7\u6218\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4ee5\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6210\u4e3a\u7981\u5fcc\uff0cFCC\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\u4e5f\u96be\u8fc7\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5730\u65b9\u5f00\u82b1<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1962\u5e74\u7684\u8054\u90a6\u5927\u9009\u4e2d\uff0c\u542c\u60ef\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af\u6539\u9769\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u89c9\u5f97\u4ed6\u7f3a\u4e4f\u65b0\u610f\u548c\u521b\u9020\u529b\u7684\u9009\u6c11\u629b\u5f03\u4e86\u4ed6\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u515a\u9886\u5374\u5728\u56fd\u4f1a\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u5e2d\u4f4d\u662f\u4ef6\u4ee4\u4eba\u5c34\u5c2c\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u5e78\u597d\u5351\u8bd7\u7701\u7684Burnaby\u2014Coquitlam\u9009\u533a\u5f53\u9009\u8bae\u5458Erhart Regier\u81ea\u613f\u8f9e\u804c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af\u901a\u8fc7\u6765\u5e74\u7684\u8865\u9009\u8fdb\u5165\u56fd\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540c\u65f6\u5f53\u9009\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u515a\u9886Lester B. Pearson\u662f\u4f4d\u7231\u597d\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u7ef4\u548c\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u53d1\u8d77\u5021\u8bae\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u4e3a\u548c\u5e73\u89e3\u51b3\u82cf\u4f0a\u58eb\u8fd0\u6cb3\u4e89\u7aef\u83b7\u5f97\u8fc7\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u548c\u5e73\u5956\uff0c\u662f\u4e2a\u9510\u610f\u6539\u9769\u8005\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u5f53\u9009\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u515a\u9886\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u65e5\u6e10\u8870\u843d\u7684\u653f\u515a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8bf8\u5982\u5229\u7528\u6c11\u610f\u6d4b\u9a8c\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u6c11\u610f\uff0c\u63d0\u62d4\u5e74\u8f7b\u6709\u4e3a\u7684\u515a\u5458\u7b49\u6539\u9769\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u63d0\u62d4\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u5c31\u5305\u62ec\u540e\u6765\u62c5\u4efb\u8fc7\u603b\u7406\u7684\u8001\u7279\u9c81\u591a\u3001John Turner\u3001Jean Chr\u00e9tien\u7b49\u3002\u5f53\u9009\u603b\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u66f4\u662f\u5f00\u59cb\u63a8\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u798f\u5229\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u5728\u5b9e\u884c\u7684\u9000\u4f11\u8ba1\u5212\u3001\u533b\u7597\u4f53\u7cfb\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u8d37\u6b3e\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd8\u6574\u5408\u4e86\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u6d77\u9646\u7a7a\u4e09\u519b\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u5bf9\u8001\u5175\u7684\u8865\u8d34\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u7684\u52b3\u5de5\u4fdd\u62a4\u6761\u4f8b\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8d44\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u9650\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u6bcf\u5e74\u81f3\u5c11\u4e24\u5468\u5047\u671f\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u672c\u6765\u662f\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u5374\u88ab\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u501f\u7528\u4e86\uff0c\u5e76\u501f\u7740\u6267\u653f\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u63a8\u5e7f\u5f00\u6765\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8054\u90a6\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u53d1\u58f0\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u60f3\u5374\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u7701\u4efd\u5f97\u4ee5\u65bd\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n

\"Image<\/p>\n

Bill Bennett<\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u7684\u5927\u672c\u8425\u8428\u7701\u3001\u66fc\u7701\u5916\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5730\u76d8\u662f\u5351\u8bd7\u7701\u30021972\u5e74\uff0c\u5351\u8bd7\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u8d62\u5f97\u7ade\u9009\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u7ec4\u5efa\u591a\u6570\u515a\u653f\u5e9c\u6267\u653f\uff0c\u515a\u9886Bill Bennett\u6210\u4e3a\u7701\u957f\u540e\u5c31\u63a8\u884c\u591a\u65b9\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6210\u7acb\u5351\u8bd7\u52b3\u5de5\u5173\u7cfb\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u52b3\u5de5\u7684\u6743\u76ca\uff1b\u5efa\u7acb\u519c\u4e1a\u571f\u5730\u50a8\u5907\u5236\u5ea6\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969c\u519c\u7530\u50a8\u5907\uff1b\u6210\u7acb\u5351\u8bd7\u4fdd\u9669\u516c\u53f8\u4ee5\u63a8\u884c\u516c\u5171\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u4fdd\u9669\u7b49\u3002\u63a5\u7740\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u53c8\u57281991\u52302001\u5e74\u8fde\u7eed\u83b7\u5f97\u6267\u653f\u6743\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u63a8\u884c\u793e\u4f1a\u798f\u5229\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u8d22\u653f\u8d64\u5b57\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u7ecf\u6d4e\u826f\u6027\u53d1\u5c55\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u867d\u8bf4\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u8150\u8d25\u4e11\u95fb\u548c\u56e0\u6267\u653f\u65f6\u95f4\u4e45\u800c\u7ed9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e26\u6765\u8fc7\u5f0a\u7aef\uff0c\u4f46\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\u5bf9\u5b8c\u5584\u5351\u8bd7\u7701\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u798f\u5229\u3001\u62d3\u5c55\u56fd\u9645\u8d38\u6613\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u519c\u7530\u50a8\u5907\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u8fd8\u7b97\u6709\u6240\u6210\u5c31\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u8d62\u5f97\u5b89\u7701\u7701\u957f\u9009\u4e3e\u7684Robert Keith Rae<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u7701\u7684\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u4e5f\u66fe\u5728Robert Keith Rae\uff08\u5c31\u662f\u57282011\u5e74\u62c5\u4efb\u8fc7\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u4e34\u65f6\u515a\u9886\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u516c\u5f00\u8ba8\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u548c\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5408\u5e76\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u800c\u88ab\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u515a\u5458\u5e7f\u6cdb\u8bdf\u75c5\uff09\u7684\u7387\u9886\u4e0b\u8d62\u5f97\u4e861991\u5e74\u7684\u7701\u7ea7\u9009\u4e3e\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5728\u4e1c\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u80dc\u5229\u3002\u4f46\u4ece\u672a\u6267\u653f\u8fc7\u7684\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u4f4e\u4f30\u4e86\u5b89\u7701\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5927\u8427\u6761\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u505a\u8d22\u653f\u9884\u7b97\u65f6\u9075\u5faa\u51ef\u6069\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6b63\u7edf\u89c2\u5ff5\uff1a\u5728\u516c\u5171\u90e8\u95e8\u82b1\u94b1\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u5c31\u4e1a\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u3002\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9884\u7b97\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u62b5\u5fa1\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8870\u9000\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u521b\u9020\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\uff0c\u88ab\u6279\u8bc4\u4e3a\u201c\u4e0d\u8d1f\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u4e71\u82b1\u94b1\u201d\uff1b\u65b0\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u9884\u7b97\u53c8\u77eb\u6789\u8fc7\u6b63\uff0c\u63a8\u51fa\u5927\u5e45\u524a\u51cf\u8d22\u653f\u62e8\u6b3e\u3001\u51bb\u7ed3\u5de5\u8d44\u7b49\u7d27\u7f29\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u7ed9\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u4e0b\u884c\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u8d1f\u9762\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u8131\u8eab\u4e8e\u5de5\u4f1a\u7684\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u653f\u5e9c\u592a\u8fc7\u6025\u4e8e\u6062\u590d\u5b89\u7701\u7684\u5236\u9020\u4e1a\uff0c\u65e2\u6ca1\u6709\u83b7\u5f97\u5236\u9020\u4e1a\u5de8\u5934\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u53c8\u56e0\u7d27\u7f29\u653f\u7b56\u53d7\u5230\u5de5\u4f1a\u7684\u80cc\u5f03\uff0c\u53ea\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u671f\u5c31\u4e0b\u53f0\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6a59\u8272\u6d6a\u6f6e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u575b\u4e00\u76f4\u505a\u8001\u4e09\u7684\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5e2d\u4f4d\u603b\u662f\u5728\u51e0\u5341\u4e2a\u4e0a\u9762\u5f98\u5f8a\uff0c\u6700\u5c11\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u53ea\u8d62\u5f977\u4e2a\u5e2d\u4f4d\u30022003\u5e74\uff0c\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u8fce\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u9886\u5168\u515a\u7ffb\u76d8\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u2014\u2014\u6770\u514b.\u6797\u987f\u3002\u8fd9\u4f4d\u7684\u524d\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u5e02\u8bae\u5458\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u4e2a\u5947\u4eba\uff0c\u6574\u5929\u548c\u6c11\u4f17\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u9a91\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u51fa\u884c\uff0c\u8fd8\u5a36\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e2d\u56fd\u592a\u592a\uff0c\u5e76\u5e38\u5e74\u548c\u5cb3\u6bcd\u4f4f\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n

\"Image<\/p>\n

Jack Layton\u548c\u59bb\u5b50\u90b9\u81f3\u6167<\/p>\n

\u7cbe\u660e\u7684\u6797\u987f\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u5c11\u6570\u653f\u5e9c\u9700\u8981\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u5927\u529b\u63a8\u52a8\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5728\u653f\u575b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u6267\u653f\u8fd8\u662f\u4fdd\u5b88\u515a\u6267\u653f\u90fd\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u6700\u5927\u5316\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u57282005\u5e74\uff0c\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u51ed\u501f\u57282004\u5e74\u5927\u9009\u8d62\u5f97\u7684\u4ec55\u4e2a\u5e2d\u4f4d\uff0c\u5229\u7528Paul Martin\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u5c11\u6570\u653f\u5e9c\u9700\u8981\u5f97\u5230\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7684\u652f\u6301\u624d\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u8d22\u653f\u9884\u7b97\u6848\u7684\u65f6\u673a\uff0c\u6123\u662f\u8feb\u4f7f\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u4fee\u6539\u9884\u7b97\u6848\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4f4f\u623f\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u73af\u5883\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u652f\u51fa\u5e76\u53d6\u6d88\u4e86\u539f\u6765\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u8ba1\u5212\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\u5927\u516c\u53f8\u7a0e\u6536\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u968f\u7740\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u7206\u51fa\u201c\u8d5e\u52a9\u4e11\u95fb\u201d\uff0c\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u4e5f\u64a4\u56de\u4e86\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6240\u4f5c\u6240\u4e3a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c3d\u4eba\u7686\u77e5\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u5927\u9009\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u56de\u62a5\u3002<\/p>\n

2006\u5e74\uff0c\u54c8\u73c0\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u4fdd\u5b88\u515a\u6253\u7834\u81ea\u7531\u515a13\u5e74\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u8d62\u5f97\u5c11\u6570\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u6545\u4f0e\u91cd\u6f14\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5a01\u80c1\u6295\u53cd\u5bf9\u7968\u8feb\u4f7f\u54c8\u73c0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0b\u53f0\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53cd\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u5728\u91ce\u515a\u796d\u51fa\u7684\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\u6295\u7968\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969c\u54c8\u73c0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u4e0b\u53f0\u7b49\uff0c\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u624b\u6bb5\u6765\u53d1\u51fa\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\uff0c\u63a8\u884c\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7eb2\u9886\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u9762\u524d\u5237\u5b58\u5728\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n

\"Image<\/p>\n

2011\u5e74\uff0c\u5e26\u75c5\u7ade\u9009\u7684\u6797\u987f\u548c\u652f\u6301\u8005<\/p>\n

\u6797\u987f\u5728\u5230\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u4e0a\u5927\u5b66\u524d\u4e00\u76f4\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u9b41\u5317\u514b\uff0c\u5176\u5bb6\u65cf\u5148\u9a71\u662f\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u7684\u90a6\u8054\u4e4b\u7236\uff0c\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u66fe\u7956\u7236Philip Layton\u5728\u9b41\u7701\u5f88\u6709\u540d\u671b\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u521b\u7acb\u4e86\u8499\u7279\u5229\u5c14\u76f2\u4eba\u534f\u4f1a(Association montr\u00e9alaise pour les aveugles)\uff0c\u7387\u9886\u4f17\u591a\u76f2\u4eba\u524d\u5f80\u56fd\u4f1a\u5c71\u793a\u5a01\uff0c\u4e3a\u89c6\u89c9\u6b8b\u969c\u4eba\u58eb\u4e89\u53d6\u629a\u6064\u91d1\u3002\u7956\u7236Gilbert Layton\u66fe\u7ecf\u5728\u9b41\u7701\u653f\u5e9c\u62c5\u4efb\u5185\u9601\u90e8\u957f\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6797\u987f\u5728\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u515a\u9886\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u52a0\u5f3a\u5728\u9b41\u7701\u7684\u653b\u52bf\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u628a2006\u5e74\u7684\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5e74\u5ea6\u5927\u4f1a\u653e\u5230\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u57ce\u53ec\u5f00\uff0c\u8fd8\u8bf4\u670d\u539f\u9b41\u7701\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u73af\u5883\u90e8\u957fThomas Mulcair\u6539\u6362\u95e8\u5ead\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8d1f\u4f17\u671b\u57282007\u5e74\u7684\u8865\u9009\u4e2d\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u7684\u5821\u5792\u9009\u533aOutremont\u51fb\u8d25\u5bf9\u624b\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u9b41\u7701\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u56fd\u4f1a\u8bae\u5458\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u57282011\u5e74\u7684\u5927\u9009\u4e2d\u5728\u9b41\u7701\u5f15\u53d1\u4e00\u573a\u201c\u6a59\u8272\u6d6a\u6f6e\u201d\uff0c\u628a\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u9001\u4e0a\u4e86\u5dc5\u5cf0\u65f6\u523b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6797\u987f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u4eb2\u6c11\u7684\u653f\u5ba2\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u575b\u524d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5df2\u7ecf\u7684\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u5e02\u6478\u722c\u6eda\u6253\u4e8620\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u62c5\u4efb\u8fc7\u526f\u5e02\u957f\u3001\u536b\u751f\u5c40\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3001\u6c34\u7535\u5c40\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3001\u5e02\u8bae\u5458\u3001\u6559\u59d4\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458\u7b49\u804c\u52a1\uff0c\u4ed6\u6bcf\u5929\u5de5\u4f5c14\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u5468\u5de5\u4f5c7\u5929\uff0c\u51e1\u662f\u6709\u5e02\u6c11\u6c42\u52a9\uff0c\u4ed6\u5fc5\u7ed9\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd8\u7279\u522b\u91cd\u89c6\u5f31\u52bf\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002\u4ed6\u548c\u534e\u88d4\u59bb\u5b50\u90b9\u81f3\u6167\u5728\u4e3a\u5e73\u53cd\u6392\u534e\u6cd5\u6848\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u5934\u7a0e\u3001\u8feb\u4f7f\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u653f\u5e9c\u516c\u5f00\u5411\u534e\u4eba\u9053\u6b49\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u5728\u62c5\u4efb\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u515a\u9886\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5353\u6709\u6210\u6548\u7684\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u8be5\u515a\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u6559\u6761\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e2d\u95f4\u504f\u5de6\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u65b0\u9762\u8c8c\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u4ee5\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u624d\u80fd\u7f13\u89e3\u4e86\u515a\u5185\u7684\u7eb7\u4e89\uff0c\u56e2\u7ed3\u5404\u4e2a\u6d3e\u7cfb\uff0c\u8ba9\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u8d62\u5f97\u7684\u8bae\u5e2d\u57282004\u30012006\u30012008\u4e43\u81f32011\u5e74\u7684\u5927\u9009\u4e2d\u4e00\u76f4\u5904\u4e8e\u589e\u957f\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u4e2a\u4f4d\u6570\u5e2d\u4f4d\u589e\u52a0\u5230\u7834\u5929\u8352\u7684103\u4e2a\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e5f\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u6210\u4e3a\u5b98\u65b9\u53cd\u5bf9\u515a\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u4eba\u683c\u9b45\u529b\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u662f\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u591a\u5143\u5305\u5bb9\u6587\u5316\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u8df5\u884c\u8005\uff1a\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6301\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u5c0a\u91cd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u96f6\u548c\u535a\u5f08\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u4e00\u4e2a\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\u9700\u8981\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u53f3\u3001\u5de6\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u201c\u8fa9\u62a4\u8005\u201d(advocates)\uff0c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u4e5f\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u95ee\u653f\u8005\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u957f\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u60c5\u8fbe\u7406\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5236\u5b9a\u8005\uff1b\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u6ce8\u793e\u533a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8857\u5934\u6597\u58eb\uff0c\u6f14\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u517c\u987e\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u5c42\u548c\u5f31\u52bf\u7fa4\u4f53\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u6cbb\u9886\u8896\u3002\u4ed6\u5e26\u9886\u7684\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5219\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u826f\u5fc3\uff08conscience sociale du Canada\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\"Image<\/p>\n

\u6797\u987f\u662f\u81ea\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5efa\u56fd\u4ee5\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u56fd\u846c\u793c\u9047\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u9996\u8111<\/p>\n

\u975e\u5e38\u53ef\u60dc\u7684\u662f\uff0c2010\u5e74\u786e\u8bca\u524d\u5217\u817a\u764c\u7684\u6797\u987f\u8fd8\u6765\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ca\u5728\u5b98\u65b9\u53cd\u5bf9\u515a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u4e3a\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4eba\u4e89\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u798f\u5229\u5c31\u79bb\u4e16\u4e86\uff0c\u5e74\u4ec561\u5c81\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\u5927\u9009\u7ed3\u675f\u53ea\u67093\u4e2a\u6708\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u597d\u6770\u514b\u201d\uff08le bon Jack\uff09\u7684\u53bb\u4e16\u8ba9\u521a\u521a\u626c\u7709\u5410\u6c14\u7684\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u9677\u5165\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u201c\u6a59\u8272\u6d6a\u6f6e\u201d\u4e2d\u65b0\u664b\u7684\u56fd\u4f1a\u8bae\u5458\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u201c\u653f\u6cbb\u5c0f\u767d\u201d\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u4f9d\u9760\u548c\u5bfc\u5e08\u3002\u96ea\u4e0a\u52a0\u971c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6797\u987f\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u515a\u9886Nycole Turmel\u88ab\u63ed\u51fa\u540c\u65f6\u662f\u5177\u6709\u5206\u79bb\u503e\u5411\u7684\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u653f\u56e2\uff08Bloc Qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u9b41\u7701\u56e2\u7ed3\u515a\uff08Qu\u00e9bec solidaire\uff09\u7684\u515a\u5458\uff0c\u8ba9\u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7edf\u3001\u72ec\u503e\u5411\u4e0a\u6253\u4e86\u4e2a\u95ee\u53f7\uff0c\u800c\u628a\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u9001\u4e0a\u5b98\u65b9\u53cd\u5bf9\u515a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u6070\u6070\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u9b41\u7701\u7684\u9009\u7968\u3002<\/p>\n

\"Image<\/p>\n

\u6c11\u4f17\u5728\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u95e8\u524d\u5e7f\u573a\u81ea\u53d1\u60bc\u5ff5\u6797\u987f<\/p>\n

\u540e\u6797\u987f\u65f6\u4ee3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2012\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u7684\u539f\u526f\u515a\u9886Thomas Mulcair\u6210\u4e3a\u65b0\u4e00\u4efb\u515a\u9886\uff0c\u57282015\u5e74\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5927\u9009\u4e2d\u66fe\u4e00\u5ea6\u9886\u5148\uff0c\u4f46\u540e\u6765\u5219\u8868\u73b0\u4e0d\u4f73\uff0c\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u906d\u5230\u9b41\u7701\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u80cc\u5f03\u3002\u5728\u54c8\u73c0\u6380\u8d77\u7684\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u9762\u7eb1\u8bae\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u516c\u6c11\u5728\u5ba3\u8a93\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6234\u9762\u7eb1\uff08niqab\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u79cd\u9ed1\u8272\u7684\u3001\u53ea\u9732\u4e24\u53ea\u773c\u775b\u7684\u9762\u7f69\uff09\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u7684\u7406\u7531\u662f\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u7406\u7531\u5219\u662f\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5987\u5973\u6234\u9762\u7eb1\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n

\"Image<\/p>\n

2015\u5e74\u7684\u5927\u9009\uff0c\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u53ea\u83b7\u5f97\u4e8644\u4e2a\u8bae\u5e2d\uff0c\u91cd\u56de\u8001\u4e09\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002Thomas Mulcair\u672c\u6765\u60f3\u5e26\u9886\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u91cd\u6574\u65d7\u9f13\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u515a\u5458\u5927\u4f1a\u4e0a\u906d\u9047\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\u6295\u7968\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u9762\u4e34\u4e0b\u53f0\u30022017\u5e74\uff0c\u9521\u514b\u65cf\u540e\u88d4\u3001\u5f8b\u5e08Jagmeet Singh\u5f53\u9009\u65b0\u4e00\u5c4a\u515a\u9886\u3002\u4ed6\u9664\u4e86\u4f1a\u8bf4\u6d41\u5229\u7684\u82f1\u6cd5\u8bed\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5370\u5730\u8bed\u548c\u65c1\u906e\u666e\u8bed\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4ed6\u8fd8\u64c5\u957f\u5df4\u897f\u67d4\u672f\u548c\u7efc\u5408\u683c\u6597\u3002\u4ed6\u5230\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u8fd8\u7b97\u4e2d\u89c4\u4e2d\u77e9\uff0c\u627f\u8bfa\u589e\u52a0\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u9650\u5236\u7535\u8baf\u8d39\u7528\u3001\u4e3a\u4f4e\u4e8e7\u4e07\u5143\u6536\u5165\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u63d0\u4f9b\u7259\u9f7f\u4fdd\u5065\u7b49\u6c11\u751f\u798f\u5229\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4eba\u666e\u904d\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4\u3001\u5e94\u5bf9\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u4ee5\u53ca\u533b\u7597\u5065\u5eb7\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u5219\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u51fa\u4ec0\u4e48\u5177\u6709\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u7684\u7eb2\u9886\u6216\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u602a\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u65b0\u515a\u9886\uff0c\u5728\u5982\u4f55\u5e26\u9886\u56fd\u5bb6\u524d\u8fdb\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u9762\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u7684\u5f31\u9879\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u6c11\u8c03\u663e\u793a\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u7387\u4e00\u76f4\u505c\u7559\u572815%\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4eba\u8fd8\u6ca1\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4f4d\u5e26\u5934\u5dfe\u7684\u603b\u7406\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n

\"Image<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u672c\u6587\u9996\u53d1\u4e8e2019\u5e7410\u67083\u65e5\u7b2c666\u671f\u300a\u4e03\u5929\u300b\u5468\u62a5 \u4e03\u5929\u8bb0\u8005 \u989c\u5b8f \u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u575b\u4e0a\u9664\u4e86\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u548c\u4fdd\u5b88\u515a\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5927\u653f\u515a\u5c31\u662f\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\uff08Nouveau Parti d\u00e9mocratique\uff0c\u7f29\u5199\u4e3aNPD\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u653f\u515a\u81ea1961\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u4ee5\u6765\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u6267\u653f\u8fc7\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u6216\u8005\u4fdd\u5b88\u515a\u7ec4\u6210\u5c11\u6570\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u66fe\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u6700\u597d\u7684\u6210\u7ee9\u662f2011\u5e74\u7684\u5927\u9009\uff0c\u8eab\u60a3\u764c\u75c7\u7684\u515a\u9886\u6797\u987f\uff08Jack 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Douglas)\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u6d78\u793c\u4f1a\u7267\u5e08\u517c\u5de5\u4eba\u8fd0\u52a8\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bb6\u57282004\u5e74\u88ab\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5e7f\u64ad\u516c\u53f8\u8bc4\u9009\u4e3a\u6709\u53f2\u4ee5\u6765\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u662f\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5168\u6c11\u533b\u7597\u5065\u4fdd\u4e4b\u7236\u3002\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af\u572815\u5c81\u90a3\u5e74\u76ee\u7779\u4e86\u8b66\u5bdf\u5f00\u67aa\u9547\u538b\u5728\u6e29\u5c3c\u4f2f\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u5927\u7f62\u5de5\uff0c\u4ece\u6b64\u7acb\u5fd7\u4e3a\u52b3\u5de5\u9636\u5c42\u7684\u6743\u76ca\u594b\u6597\u3002 Tommy Douglas \u521d\u671f\u7684\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u653f\u7eb2\u4e5f\u4e3b\u8981\u6cbf\u7528\u4e86\u539f\u6765FCC\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5373\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4e1a\u56fd\u6709\u5316\uff0c\u519c\u4e1a\u5408\u4f5c\u5316\uff0c\u798f\u5229\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u3002\u5728\u5176\u8457\u540d\u7684\u300a\u91cc\u8d3e\u7eb3\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff08Regina Manifesto\uff09\u91cc\u53f7\u53ec\u5efa\u7acb\u201c\u65b0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u201d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5173\u7cfb\u5230\u56fd\u8ba1\u6c11\u751f\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u6bd4\u5982\u94f6\u884c\u3001\u77ff\u5c71\u548c\u516c\u5171\u8bbe\u65bd\u8981\u7eb3\u4e3a\u56fd\u6709\uff0c\u7531\u56fd\u5bb6\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u7ecf\u8425\uff1b\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6700\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\uff1b\u7ed9\u6240\u6709\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b\u514d\u8d39\u533b\u7597\u3001\u513f\u7ae5\u8865\u8d34\u548c\u5931\u4e1a\u4fdd\u9669\u91d1\u7b49\u3002 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Mackenzie 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Pearson\u662f\u4f4d\u7231\u597d\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u7ef4\u548c\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u53d1\u8d77\u5021\u8bae\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u4e3a\u548c\u5e73\u89e3\u51b3\u82cf\u4f0a\u58eb\u8fd0\u6cb3\u4e89\u7aef\u83b7\u5f97\u8fc7\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u548c\u5e73\u5956\uff0c\u662f\u4e2a\u9510\u610f\u6539\u9769\u8005\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u5f53\u9009\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u515a\u9886\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u65e5\u6e10\u8870\u843d\u7684\u653f\u515a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8bf8\u5982\u5229\u7528\u6c11\u610f\u6d4b\u9a8c\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u6c11\u610f\uff0c\u63d0\u62d4\u5e74\u8f7b\u6709\u4e3a\u7684\u515a\u5458\u7b49\u6539\u9769\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u63d0\u62d4\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u5c31\u5305\u62ec\u540e\u6765\u62c5\u4efb\u8fc7\u603b\u7406\u7684\u8001\u7279\u9c81\u591a\u3001John Turner\u3001Jean Chr\u00e9tien\u7b49\u3002\u5f53\u9009\u603b\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u66f4\u662f\u5f00\u59cb\u63a8\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u798f\u5229\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u5728\u5b9e\u884c\u7684\u9000\u4f11\u8ba1\u5212\u3001\u533b\u7597\u4f53\u7cfb\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u8d37\u6b3e\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd8\u6574\u5408\u4e86\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u6d77\u9646\u7a7a\u4e09\u519b\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u5bf9\u8001\u5175\u7684\u8865\u8d34\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u7684\u52b3\u5de5\u4fdd\u62a4\u6761\u4f8b\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8d44\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u9650\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u6bcf\u5e74\u81f3\u5c11\u4e24\u5468\u5047\u671f\u7b49\u7b49\u3002 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