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\u3010\u6587\u5316\u6742\u8c08\u3011<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4f4d\u5173\u4e8e\u751f\u547d\u7684\u53e6\u7c7b\u601d\u8003\u8005(\u4e0a)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b65\u865a<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u5eb7\u5409\u83b1\u59c6 (Georges Canguilhem, 1904\u20141995) \u662f\u6cd5\u56fd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u54f2\u5b66\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e00\u4f4d\u627f\u524d\u542f\u540e\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4eba\u7269\u548c\u5f53\u4ee3\u601d\u60f3\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5f00\u521b\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u4ece\u4e8b\u79d1\u5b66\u53f2\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4ed6\u4e8e1927\u5e74\u8fdb\u5165\u5df4\u9ece\u9ad8\u7b49\u5e08\u8303\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u540c\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u54f2\u5b66\u4f1a\u8003\u6587\u51ed\u3002\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66\u4e60\u533b\u5b66\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u533b\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u751f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1943\u5e74\u901a\u8fc7\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u6b63\u5e38\u4e0e\u75c5\u6001\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u7684\u7b54\u8fa9\u30021953\u5e74~1971\u5e74\u5eb7\u5409\u83b1\u59c6\u4efb\u7d22\u90a6\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u4e3b\u4efb\uff0c1983\u5e74\u8363\u83b7\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u6700\u9ad8\u8363\u8a89\u2014\u2014\u4e54\u6cbb\u8428\u987f\u5956\u3002\u5eb7\u5409\u83b1\u59c6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8457\u4f5c\u548c\u4e3b\u8981\u8bba\u6587\u6709\u6839\u636e\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u6539\u5199\u7684\u300a\u6b63\u5e38\u4e0e\u75c5\u6001\u300b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u300a\u751f\u547d\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u300b\u300a17\u201418\u4e16\u7eaa\u53cd\u5c04\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u300b\u300a\u5927\u8111\u4e0e\u601d\u7ef4\u300b\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u53f2\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u300a\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u53f2\u4e2d\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u548c\u7406\u6027\u300b\u300a\u5065\u5eb7\uff1a\u666e\u901a\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u54f2\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u300b\u300a\u8bba\u6cbb\u7597\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u80fd\u300b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u3010\u8bd7\u6587\u6625\u5929\u3011<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8001\u5f20\u7684\u4e2d\u65e5\u751f\u6d3b<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n

\u8c2d\u6587\u6625<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

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\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u4e3e\u676f\uff0c\u795d\u798f\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u3010\u9c7c\u7fd4\u6d45\u5e95\u3011<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u300a\u8bdd\u8bf4\u67f3\u5b97\u5143\u300b\u7cfb\u5217\u4e8c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\uff0821\uff09 \u75db\u5931\u5b97\u76f4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6d0b\u4e2d\u9c7c<\/strong><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\u3010\u534e\u5cf0\u51cc\u4e91\u3011<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u5f90\u56ed\u9ad8\u4f1a\u201d\u9898\u8054\u7eaa<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8bb8\u534e\u51cc<\/strong><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\u3010\u8bf8\u5b50\u4e00\u5bb6\u3011<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6e05\u660e\u8282\uff0c\u611f\u6000\u7237\u7237<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u9ad8\u6d0b\u658c<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u7237\u7237\u559c\u6b22\u559d\u8336\u6c34\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u559c\u6b22\u559d\u82e6\u8336\u6c34\u3002\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u662f\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u94c1\u74f7\u7f38\u88c5\u6ee1\u6c34\uff0c\u653e\u597d\u591a\u8336\u53f6\u5b50\uff0c\u76d6\u4e25\u5b9e\u540e\uff0c\u653e\u5728\u519c\u6751\u7684\u5927\u9505\u5e95\u7684\u4e0b\u9762\u7528\u706b\u70e7\u3002\u5f53\u8336\u6c34\u7684\u9999\u5473\uff0c\u94fa\u6ee1\u6574\u4e2a\u53a8\u623f\u65f6\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u8336\u6c34\u8d77\u76d6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u6211\u5c1d\u4e86\u4e00\u53e3\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u82e6\u5440\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u8bb0\u5fc6\u72b9\u65b0\u3002\u559d\u5f97\u820c\u5934\u90fd\u6709\u70b9\u53d1\u6da9\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u7237\u7237\u5c31\u559c\u6b22\u8fd9\u4e2a\u82e6\u5473\uff0c\u603b\u4e5f\u559d\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u8fd8\u8bf4\u4e00\u53e5\uff1a\u4e00\u5403\u4e00\u559d\uff0c\u4e0d\u9965\u4e0d\u6e34\uff0c\u4eab\u798f\u4e86\u3002\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u6dd8\u6c14\u7684\u6211\uff0c\u7a81\u53d1\u5947\u60f3\uff0c\u8d81\u7237\u7237\u4e0d\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5f80\u8336\u6c34\u91cc\u653e\u4e86\u4e00\u628a\u8fa3\u6912\u9762\uff0c\u770b\u7740\u7237\u7237\u5927\u53e3\u559d\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u5fc3\u91cc\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e50\u5475\u3002\u7237\u7237\u5728\u4e0d\u77e5\u60c5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u996e\u800c\u5c3d\u3002\u8fa3\u7684\u4e0d\u884c\u4e86\uff0c\u8fde\u559d\u51e0\u5927\u7897\u51c9\u6c34\u3002\u5fc3\u6148\u624b\u8f6f\u7684\u7237\u7237\u4e0d\u4f46\u6ca1\u751f\u6c14\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u5411\u522b\u4eba\u5938\u5956\u6211\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5b59\u5b50\u6709\u51fa\u606f\uff0c\u9b3c\u70b9\u5b50\u591a\uff0c\u4e09\u5341\u5c81\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u8fd9\u4e48\u80fd\u6298\u817e\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u80af\u5b9a\u6709\u5927\u4f5c\u4e3a\u3002\u8981\u662f\u4e09\u5341\u5c81\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u6298\u817e\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u6ca1\u51fa\u606f\u4e86\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u7237\u7237\u53bb\u4e16\u5f88\u591a\u5e74\u4e86\uff0c\u6ca1\u5fc3\u6ca1\u80ba\u7684\u6211\u90fd\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4e86\u7237\u7237\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u8fc7\u4e16\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6bcf\u5e74\u6e05\u660e\u4e34\u8fd1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4f9d\u7a00\u56de\u60f3\u8d77\u7237\u7237\u7684\u97f3\u5bb9\u7b11\u8c8c\uff0c\u987a\u4fbf\u53bb\u7237\u7237\u7684\u9675\u524d\u796d\u62dc\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4eca\u5e74\uff0c\u6f02\u6cca\u5728\u5916\u7684\u6211\uff0c\u518d\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u56de\u5230\u719f\u6089\u7684\u6545\u91cc\u4e00\u5410\u8f9b\u9178\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u671b\u7740\u7a97\u5916\u7684\u660e\u6708\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u9759\u9759\u7684\u53d1\u5446\uff0c\u9065\u5bc4\u76f8\u601d\u60c5\uff0c\u5782\u6cea\u5230\u5929\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e4\u4eba\u8bf4\uff1a\u4eba\u6709\u60b2\u6b22\u79bb\u5408\uff0c\u6708\u6709\u9634\u6674\u5706\u7f3a\uff0c\u6b64\u4e8b\u53e4\u96be\u5168\u3002\u77ed\u77ed\u51e0\u53e5\u8bdd\u5374\u9053\u5c3d\u4eba\u751f\u65e0\u5c3d\u7684\u5fc3\u9178\u3002\u6b64\u523b\u7684\u6211\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u559d\u4e00\u53e3\u5f02\u4e61\u7684\u70c8\u9152\uff0c\u5bf9\u7740\u660e\u6708\u9189\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u9192\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u518d\u9189\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u63a5\u7eed\u68a6\u91cc\u7684\u56e2\u5706\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u3010\u516b\u65b9\u6587\u8403\u3011<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u82e6\u9152(\u7edd\u53e5\u5c0f\u8bf4)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5e38\u7389\u597d<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u65f6\u5149\u7684\u6cb3\u6c34\u6f02\u6d6e\u4e00\u88ad\u6e05\u6101\uff0c\u542c\u95fb\u524d\u592b\u518d\u5a5a\uff0c\u5979\u7684\u6cea\u9759\u9759\u5730\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6d41\u5e74\u7684\u5f80\u4e8b\u73af\u7ed5\u5728\u5fc3\u5934\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u9ad8\u4e2d\u540c\u5b66\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e7d\u9ed8\u7684\u8131\u53e3\u79c0\u5438\u5f15\u5979\u7684\u773c\u7403\u3002\u5979\u7238\u662f\u5305\u5de5\u5934\uff0c\u79c1\u751f\u6d3b\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u7238\u5988\u5435\u95f9\u4e0d\u4f11\u3002\u9ad8\u8003\u524d\u5915\uff0c\u5979\u7d27\u5f20\uff0c\u5931\u7720\uff0c\u70e6\u4e71\u7684\u601d\u7eea\u6e38\u79bb\u5728\u7d27\u76b1\u7684\u7709\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u6211\u613f\u662f\u4f60\u7684\u836f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f60\u4e45\u6cbb\u4e0d\u6108\u7684\u6c89\u75b4\u8d4e\u6551\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201c\u4f60\u662f\u6211\u751f\u547d\u7684\u7eff\u6d32\u2026\u2026\u201d\u7eb8\u6761\u5370\u6ee1\u5fd7\u8da3\u7684\u76f8\u6295\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5927\u5b66\u901a\u77e5\u4e66\u98de\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u91cc\u653e\u98de\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4fe9\u7f14\u7ed3\u79e6\u664b\u4e4b\u5076\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201d\u7537\u4eba\u6ca1\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u4e1c\u897f\u2026\u2026\u201d\u5988\u5988\u6ca1\u795d\u798f\u53ea\u6709\u8bc5\u5492\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b63\u8282\u7684\u6d41\u8f6c\u53d8\u6362\u7740\u98ce\u82b1\u96ea\u6708\u7684\u8282\u594f\u3002\u5979\u67e5\u770b\u4ed6\u624b\u673a\uff0c\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff0c\u54ed\u95f9\uff0c\u5988\u5988\u7684\u8bdd\u53d8\u6210\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u9b54\u517d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u75b2\u60eb\u7684\u5fc3\u4e0e\u5979\u7684\u65e5\u65e5\u5ba1\u8baf\u9082\u9005\uff0c\u4ed6\u7529\u51fa\u4e00\u7eb8\u79bb\u5a5a\u4e66\u6380\u7ffb\u7231\u7684\u5c0f\u821f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u68a6\u7ec8\u65ad\u5728\u5a5a\u59fb\u7684\u6e21\u53e3\uff0c\u5979\u72ec\u81ea\u54c1\u5473\u4eba\u751f\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u4e00\u676f\u676f\u82e6\u9152\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u9c7c\u00a0 \u00a0\u5a18\uff08\u7edd\u53e5\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u674e\u8679<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9570\u5200\u5530\u5530\u4f5c\u54cd\uff0c\u62d6\u62c9\u673a\u7a81\u7a81\u6b22\u5531\u3002 \u201c\u6b47\u4e00\u4f1a\u513f\u5427\uff1f\u82b3\uff01\u201d\u4ed6\u731b\u8e29\u5239\u8f66\uff0c\u5fc3\u5e95\u6d8c\u8d77\u7231\u7684\u6ce2\u6d6a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u4e0d\u4e86\uff0c\u963f\u5e84\uff0c\u7b49\u6211\u5272\u5b8c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5757\uff0c\u5c31\u56de\u9c7c\u5858\u3002\u201d\u5979\u64e6\u628a\u6c57\uff0c\u5f80\u4e8b\u4e00\u5e55\u5e55\u56de\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u548c\u5979\u540c\u4f4f\u5c0f\u6e14\u5e84\u3002\u6751\u5934\u5927\u69d0\u6811\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fc7\u5bb6\u5bb6\uff0c\u5979\u5e38\u626e\u4ed6\u7684\u65b0\u5a18\u3002\u4ed6\u522e\u5979\u9f3b\u5b50\uff1a\u00a0 \u00a0\u201c \u963f\u82b3\uff0c\u957f\u5927\u540e\u6211\u4e00\u5b9a\u5a36\u4f60\uff0c \u4eca\u751f\u5b88\u62a4\u4f60\u8eab\u65c1\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u6625\u53bb\u6625\u56de\uff0c\u8776\u821e\u82b1\u9999\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0b\u6d77\u7ecf\u5546\uff0c\u4e8b\u4e1a\u6b63\u65fa\uff1b\u5979\u8885\u8885\u5a1c\u5a1c\uff0c\u5982\u6768\u67f3\u5728\u6625\u98ce\u91cc\u8f7b\u76c8\u98d8\u8361\u3002<\/p>\n

\u91d1\u878d\u98ce\u66b4\u5e2d\u5377\uff0c\u4ed6\u8d44\u91d1\u94fe\u65ad\u88c2\uff0c\u65e0\u60c5\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u51fb\u788e\u68a6\u5e7b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5fe7\u8651\u5f77\u5fa8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7239\u5a18\u4e3a\u963f\u82b3\u76f8\u4eb2\uff0c\u4ed6\u53c8\u5931\u53bb\u201c\u81c2\u8180\u201d\uff0c\u96ea\u4e0a\u52a0\u971c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\uff0c\u7a81\u5982\u5176\u6765\u7684\u7535\u8bdd\u60ca\u9192\u963f\u5e84\uff1a\u201c\u901f\u56de\u4e61\uff0c\u53ef\u613f\u4f5c\u6211\u7684\u9c7c\u90ce\uff1f\u201d<\/p>\n

\u539f\u6765\u5979\u5df2\u627f\u5305\u6751\u91cc\u767e\u4ea9\u9c7c\u5858\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u6b64\uff0c\u4e00\u53f6\u5c0f\u821f\u5728\u6e14\u5a18\u7684\u5fc3\u6d77\u91cc\u8361\u6f3e\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u3010\u98de\u9e3f\u4f20\u4e66\u3011 <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6e05\u660e\u7f05\u82f1\u70c8\uff0c\u7cbe\u795e\u6c38\u4f20\u627f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5510\u96ea\u5143<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u5eb7\u5409\u83b1\u59c6 (Georges Canguilhem, 1904\u20141995) 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